লাচিত বৰফুকন-জীৱনী

Lachit Barphukan-Comprehensive Biography

Lachit Barphukan (1622–1672) was a celebrated military commander in the Ahom Kingdom of Assam, known for his pivotal role in resisting the Mughal Empire’s attempts to annex Assam during the 17th century. His leadership, particularly during the Battle of Saraighat in 1671, is remembered as a defining moment in the history of Assam and is celebrated for its demonstration of patriotism, courage, and military acumen.

Early Life and Background

Lachit Barphukan was born in 1622 in the Ahom Kingdom, which was located in what is now the northeastern state of Assam in India. His father, Momai Tamuli Borbarua, was a prominent official in the Ahom administration and served as the Borbarua (a high-ranking position akin to a Prime Minister in the Ahom kingdom), and his mother was Kunti Moran. Growing up in a military family, Lachit was well-versed in both the arts of warfare and administration from an early age.

Rise to Prominence

Lachit Barphukan’s rise to prominence began under the reign of King Chakradhwaj Singha, who appointed him as the Barphukan, the viceroy of the Ahom Kingdom responsible for the administration and defense of the western regions, including the strategic frontier town of Guwahati. The Ahom kingdom was under constant threat from the Mughal Empire, which sought to expand its territory into Assam, a region that was crucial due to its location and resources.

The Battle of Saraighat

The most significant event in Lachit Barphukan’s military career was the Battle of Saraighat, which took place in 1671 on the Brahmaputra River near Guwahati. The Mughals, under the command of Raja Ramsingh I, launched a massive invasion with a large force consisting of infantry, cavalry, artillery, and a formidable naval fleet. The Ahoms, although smaller in number and resources, were led by Lachit Barphukan, who used his deep knowledge of the local terrain and guerrilla warfare tactics to outmaneuver the Mughal forces.

The battle was fought on the river, making it one of the most unique and challenging naval battles in Indian history. Despite being severely ill during the battle, Lachit Barphukan refused to stand down and personally led his troops in combat. His famous exhortation, “Desh kei maanok moriteloi moi roswanu nai” (“I will not let my country be dishonored, even if I have to sacrifice my life”), became a rallying cry for his soldiers.

Using clever tactics such as night raids, decoy boats, and the strategic placement of his forces, Lachit managed to inflict heavy losses on the Mughal fleet. The Mughals, unable to sustain their position due to logistical difficulties and fierce resistance from the Ahom forces, were ultimately forced to retreat, marking a significant victory for the Ahom kingdom and a major setback for the Mughal expansionist ambitions in the region.

Legacy

Lachit Barphukan’s victory at Saraighat is considered one of the greatest military achievements in Indian history. It not only preserved the sovereignty of the Ahom Kingdom but also stood as a symbol of resistance against imperial domination. Lachit’s leadership and bravery have been immortalized in Assamese culture, and he is revered as a national hero.

In recognition of his contributions, the Indian military academy awards the Lachit Barphukan Gold Medal each year to the best cadet in leadership, underscoring his enduring legacy as a model of military leadership and patriotism.

Death

Lachit Barphukan passed away in 1672, not long after the victory at Saraighat, due to illness. His death marked the end of a significant chapter in the Ahom-Mughal conflicts, but his legacy lived on, inspiring future generations to value and protect their homeland.

Commemoration

Lachit Divas is celebrated on November 24th each year in Assam to honor his memory and achievements. Various educational institutions, particularly in Assam, observe this day with programs and events that highlight his contributions to Indian history. Monuments and memorials have been established in his honor, including a statue on the banks of the Brahmaputra River in Guwahati.

Lachit Barphukan remains a towering figure in the history of Assam and India, celebrated for his patriotism, strategic brilliance, and unwavering commitment to his people and land. His life and legacy continue to inspire and serve as a powerful reminder of the strength and resilience of the human spirit in the face of overwhelming odds. 0 0 0